Objective Type and Conventional Questions and Answers On Civil Engineering

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GLASS FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE

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History of GFRC •Brought from England to the United States in 1970 •Formed by Stromberg •First GFRC was used in USA •Developed many techniques and technology used in GFRC •In 1978 GFRC product was sold and installed on construction project in North America About GFRC  —Offers exciting properties. —Allows designer the ability to achieve the durability of stone or concrete. —Composed of glass fiber, cement and fine aggregate. —Reduce water absorption . —Non combustible. —Variety of shape. —Easily match to stone, lime stone and granite. —Become extremely popular among the architecture design. Manufacture of GFRC Two types :- A. Sprayed Method-  B. Premix Vibration Method Note:-      For larger items-Sprayed method For small items-Premix method Sprayed GFRC stronger than premix vibration Sprayed GFRC has lower water content than premix GFRC              ...
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Stacking and Storage of Cement

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Cement should be stored in a building or a shed which is dry, leakproof and as moisture proof as possible. The building or shed for storage should have minimum number of windows and close fitting doors and these should be kept closed as far as possible.   Cement should be stored and stacked in bags and should be kept free from the possibility of any dampness or moisture coming in contact with them. Cement bags should be stacked off the floor on wooden planks in such a way as to keep about 150 mm to 200 mm clear above the floor. The floor may comprise of lean cement concrete or two layers of dry bricks laid on well consolidated earth. A space of 600  mm minimum should be left around between the exterior walls and the stacks. The height of stack should not be more than 10 bags. he width of the stack shall be not more than four bags length or 3 metres. In stacks more than 8 bags high, the cement bags shall be arranged alternately length-wise and cross-wise so as ...
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CEMENT BASED WATER PROOFING TREATMENT WITH BRICK BAT COBA

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Preparation of the Surface The surface of the slab should be roughened by scrapping when the slab concrete is still green, however, the surface need not be hacked. In case the slab is already cast and surface fairly finished, the same shall be cleaned neatly of all mortar droppings, loose materials etc with brooms/cloth.   Providing and Laying of Slurry under Base Coat The required quantity of slurry should be prepared using 2.75 kg. blended cement + water per sqm. area to be covered, taking particular care to see that only that much quantity of slurry shall be prepared which can be used within half an hour of preparation i.e. before the initial setting time of cement. The prepared slurry shall be applied over the dampened surface with brushes very carefully, including the joints between the floor slab and the parapet wall, holes on the surfaces, joints of pipes, masonry/concrete etc. The application of the slurry should continue upto a height of 300 mm on the p...
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